NALP Bulletin, June 2005
The tables below show employment trends for new law graduates from 1982 to 2004. Because of changes to the job classification question effective with the Class of 2001, exact comparisons with prior years are not available for all trends. However, it is evident that, despite some decline in the overall employment rate since 2000, the market for new law graduates has been quite strong in recent years, with overall employment close to or above 89% since 1997. More than half of employed graduates obtain their first job at a law firm — a fact that has not changed in the 31 years that NALP has compiled employment statistics.
A further analysis of law firm employment reveals that, for many of these years, small firms of 2-10 lawyers have supplied relatively more jobs than any other size firm. After declining through much of the 1980s and reaching a low of about 25% in 1989, the percentage of jobs climbed back to about 41% in 1993. Another decline started in 1996 and continued through 2001. These changes were mirrored by opposing changes for firms of more than 100 lawyers. The percentage of law firm jobs accounted for by these firms doubled during the 1980s, dropped noticeably between 1990 and 1993, and started to rise again in 1994. During the last seven years, the number of jobs taken in firms of more than 100 lawyers has outnumbered those taken in firms of 2-10 despite a narrowing of the differential in recent years.
Employment Trends
1985-2004
|
OF THOSE FOR WHOM EMPLOYMENT STATUS WAS KNOWN, % of Jobs in Law | ||||||||
|
Year |
% Employed |
% Employed Legal Full-time |
% Employed Legal Part-time |
% Employed Other Full-time |
% Employed Other Part-time |
% Not Working |
% Pursuing Advanced Degree |
% of Jobs in Law Firms |
|
1985 |
91.5% |
81.6% |
2.6% |
6.7% |
0.8% |
7.0% |
1.5% |
60.6% |
|
1986 |
91.3 |
81.8 |
2.5 |
6.2 |
0.8 |
7.2 |
1.5 |
62.3 |
|
1987 |
92.2 |
84.1 |
2.0 |
5.6 |
0.5 |
6.6 |
1.2 |
63.5 |
|
1988 |
92.0 |
84.5 |
2.0 |
4.9 |
0.5 |
6.9 |
1.1 |
64.3 |
|
1989 |
90.8 |
82.7 |
2.2 |
5.2 |
0.5 |
7.9 |
1.3 |
62.4 |
|
1990 |
90.3 |
82.1 |
2.4 |
5.2 |
0.7 |
8.2 |
1.4 |
62.9 |
|
1991 |
85.9 |
76.1 |
3.3 |
5.6 |
0.9 |
12.6 |
1.5 |
60.8 |
|
1992 |
83.5 |
72.5 |
4.0 |
5.9 |
1.1 |
14.5 |
1.9 |
59.0 |
|
1993 |
83.4 |
70.3 |
4.6 |
7.0 |
1.5 |
14.6 |
2.0 |
57.1 |
|
1994 |
84.7 |
69.6 |
5.2 |
8.1 |
1.8 |
13.1 |
2.2 |
55.0 |
|
1995 |
86.7 |
70.7 |
5.4 |
9.0 |
1.6 |
11.2 |
2.1 |
56.1 |
|
1996 |
87.4 |
71.4 |
4.7 |
9.7 |
1.6 |
10.5 |
2.1 |
55.7 |
|
1997 |
89.2 |
73.6 |
4.4 |
9.9 |
1.5 |
8.6 |
2.2 |
55.6 |
|
1998 |
89.9 |
74.9 |
3.7 |
10.0 |
1.4 |
7.9 |
2.2 |
55.0 |
|
1999 |
90.3 |
75.5 |
2.9 |
9.8 |
1.1 |
7.8 |
1.9 |
55.1 |
|
2000 |
91.5 |
77.3 |
2.5 |
9.6 |
1.0 |
6.4 |
2.1 |
54.8 |
|
|
|
% Employed in Positions Requiring Bar Passage |
% Employed in Positions Where JD Is Preferred |
% Employed in Other Professional Positions |
% Employed in Non-Professional Positions |
|
|
|
|
2001 |
90.0 |
75.9 |
6.0 |
5.5 |
1.5 |
7.6 |
2.4 |
57.8 |
|
2002 |
89.0 |
75.3 |
5.2 |
5.8 |
1.6 |
8.5 |
2.5 |
58.1 |
|
2003 |
88.9 |
73.7 |
6.5 |
5.7 |
1.6 |
8.4 |
2.7 |
57.8 |
|
2004 |
88.9 |
73.2 |
7.5 |
5.3 |
1.4 |
8.6 |
2.5 |
56.2 |
Note: Overall employment rates for 1990-1998 are based on all graduates for whom employment status was known, excluding a small number known to be employed but for whom basic job type was not known. Overall rates for all other years include such graduates, and thus may not necessarily be obtained by adding up figures for individual job types. Also, in 1985 and 1986, multiple jobs held by one person were reported separately; hence legal and other employment percentages for these years reflect positions taken rather than individuals and cannot be added to obtain the overall employment rate. The percentage not working includes graduates both seeking and not seeking employment as well as those studying for the bar full-time and neither working in any capacity nor actively seeking a job. New job classifications effective with the Class of 2001 preclude direct comparisons of job types with prior years.
Law Firm Jobs by Firm Size
Classes of 1982-2004
(percent of law firm jobs taken in each size firm)
|
Year |
SIZE OF FIRM (NUMBER OF LAWYERS) | |||||
|
Solo |
2-10 |
11-25 |
26-50 |
51-100 |
101 or more | |
|
1982 |
7.6% |
40.3% |
14.8% |
11.1% |
10.7% |
15.6% |
|
1983 |
7.1 |
41.1 |
15.1 |
11.2 |
10.1 |
15.4 |
|
1984 |
6.6 |
39.7 |
15.0 |
11.1 |
10.4 |
17.2 |
|
1985 |
5.0 |
35.7 |
15.1 |
11.7 |
12.0 |
20.6 |
|
1986 |
4.3 |
32.4 |
15.6 |
12.0 |
12.5 |
23.2 |
|
1987 |
3.3 |
31.6 |
15.3 |
12.9 |
12.8 |
24.1 |
|
1988 |
2.7 |
28.6 |
14.5 |
12.2 |
13.4 |
28.6 |
|
1989 |
2.8 |
24.6 |
15.0 |
12.6 |
14.8 |
30.2 |
|
1990 |
3.6 |
28.7 |
13.1 |
11.6 |
12.2 |
30.8 |
|
1991 |
5.2 |
33.1 |
12.5 |
10.3 |
10.0 |
28.9 |
|
1992 |
6.8 |
38.0 |
13.5 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
23.6 |
|
1993 |
7.5 |
41.5 |
13.1 |
7.8 |
7.9 |
22.2 |
|
1994 |
6.2 |
41.0 |
12.2 |
7.6 |
8.1 |
24.9 |
|
1995 |
6.0 |
40.9 |
12.3 |
7.5 |
7.5 |
25.8 |
|
1996 |
6.1 |
39.3 |
11.8 |
7.4 |
7.5 |
27.9 |
|
1997 |
5.7 |
36.4 |
12.0 |
7.7 |
7.6 |
30.6 |
|
1998 |
3.8 |
33.5 |
11.5 |
7.7 |
8.0 |
35.5 |
|
1999 |
3.2 |
31.4 |
11.1 |
7.4 |
7.7 |
39.1 |
|
2000 |
2.7 |
30.2 |
10.8 |
7.7 |
7.6 |
41.0 |
|
2001 |
2.8 |
29.9 |
10.3 |
6.9 |
7.4 |
42.6 |
|
2002 |
2.4 |
31.4 |
10.7 |
7.0 |
7.3 |
41.2 |
|
2003 |
3.3 |
34.5 |
11.6 |
7.2 |
6.8 |
36.6 |
|
2004 |
3.6 |
34.9 |
11.5 |
7.2 |
6.4 |
36.4 |
Note: Figures for 1989 and 1990 reflect only full-time law firm jobs; for all other years figures reflect all law firm jobs acquired by graduates. Figures in this table differ slightly from those published in national reports (Employment Report & Salary Survey/Jobs & JD’s) because law firm jobs for which firm size was not reported are excluded from the base.
